Pulverizer



Sept. 13,1927. ,139

- C. E. BRAINARD PULVERIZER Filed April 8, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 YE l Ukqrles E Bramard e I c. E. BRAINARD- 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 v IE (War/es E Brainqm" All Patented Sept. 13, 1927.

umreo srATes CHARLES E. BRA-INARI),

Qi CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

eutvmlzaa Application filed April, 8,

This invention relates to an improved pulverizing machine and more particularly to a pulverizer having segmentalgrinders or rollers positioned within a pulverizing chamber of' a rotatable housing, the inner surfaces of. the walls of which are covered by replaceable lining members constructed of hardened steel or the like similar to the material of which the segmental rollers are constructed.

It is an object of this invention to provide a pulverizing machine of the rotatable type wherein material tov be pulverized is adaoted to be fed. inwardly from j both the feeding end and the discharge end of the nlilchineinto the field of operation of a plurality of'segmental roller sections adapte'd'to coact with one another and with the walls of the rotatable housing. to grind and pulver ze said material.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a pulverizer having a rotatable housing within which segmental roller sections are loosely positioned to permit said sections to not only coact with the interior of the housing on a material to be. pulverized, but also permitting said sections to impact with one another and have a trans,- verse as well as a radial shifting movement on one another to thoroughly and efficiently pulveri ze material fed into the housin It is afurther object of this invention, to provide a pul'verizing machine having a rotatable housing provided with replaceable liners and, furthermore, having loosely positioned therein, a plurality of sim larly shaped tapered roller segments having Ion.- gitudinally inclined'meetjing surfaces where: by said roller segments are adapted to have a longitudinal shifting movement with respect to one another as well as a hammer action between the meeting surfaces as the housing is rotated to impart movement to said roller. segments.

It is furthermore an object of thi'sinventionto provide an improvedpulverizing machine wherein a rotatable housing is adapted to inclose either one or more loose rollers each constructed of a plurality of component interlitting segments, certain faces of each of which are adapted to coast with an im pact action and a shifting action with corresponding faces of theireinaining segments while the peripheral faces of said segments are adaptedjto co act with the inner. walls of the rotatable housingwith a rolling and an 1927. Serial No. 181,956,

impact action to assist in the thorough pulverizationof'materials fed into the housing.

Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved pulverizing machine having segmental roller sections loosely mounted within a rotatable housin into which a material to be pulverized is a apted to be fed by means of a feed hopper having an apertured false bottom adapted to be shifted to vary the feeding of material into the field of, operation of a rotatable feed screw.

It is an important object of'thi's invention to provide a pulverizing machine of improved construction wherein a rotatable housing has associated therewith an adjustable feed mechanismadapted to feed ma terial into one end of the housingto be acted upon, by coacting interfitting roller segments having'a, lon itudinal and radial shifting movement witi respect to one another and, furthermore, adapted to have hammer actions on one another and against the inner walls of the housing whereby a material is crushedand pulverized not only between the roller segments, but between the segments and the inner walls of the housing as Well as by the mutual attrition of the particles of the material.

Other and further important objects of this invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the specification and the accompanying drawings.

This invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter more fully described:

On the drawings Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of, a pulverizer embodying the principles of this invention showing parts in elevation and having parts broken away.

Figure 2 is a reduced end elevation of the discharge end of the machine.

Figure 3' is a fragmentary longitudinal section of a modified form of the machine of a multiple type.

Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 illustrate the various steps and the respective positions of the roller segments with respect to one another during a complete cycleof operation taking place in one complete revolution of the housing containing said segment and illustrating: by means'of dotted lines the relative positions toward which the rollersegments are advancing.

Figures 9 and 10 illustrate two positions Ill) assumed by modified forms of roller seg ments. 1

Figures 11 and 12 illustrate two views of still another modified form of roller segments with their relation with respect to one another and with the interior of the housing during the rotation thereof.

As shown on the drawings:

Supported on a base or foundation 1 are a pair of bearing standards or supports 2 and 3 between which a rotatable sectional housing or casing e is disposed. integrally formed axially on one of the housing sec tions is a hollow entrance sleeve or supporting cylinder 5 having an opening 6 in the other end thereof. integrally formed on the inner peripheral wall of the supporting cylinder 5 is a spiral feed vane 7 adapted to feed a material from the outer end of said cylinder inwardly into the pulverizing chamber of .the housing 4. integrally formed axially on the other housing section is a. bearing sleeve or supporting cylinder 8 through which the pulverized material is adapted to be discharged. The outer end of the discharge cylinder 8 is provided with an outlet or discharge opening 9. Formed on the inner peripheral wall of the discharge cylinder 8 is a spiral vane or feed screw 10 arranged to permit any relatively heavy material that may find its way into the cylinder 8 to lodge behind the spiral vane and be fed or carried back into the pulverizing chamber of the housing 4.

The apertured or discharge end of the supporting cylinder 8 projects into a stationary discharge drum or casing 11 which is supported upon the base or foundation 1 by means of supporting legs 12 or other suitable means. Formed on the bottom of the outlet casing 11 is a discharge sleeve or pipe 13 through which the granular product is adapted to be discharged into any suitable container or conveyer positioned beneath or connected with the discharge pipe 13. Connected with the upper end of the casing or drum 11 is a pipe 14: which is adapted to be connected with an air exhaust fan or water pump to induce a draft of air or steam through the pulverizing machine whereby the dust may be separated from the granular product and carried upwardly through the pipe 14: into a suitable dust container con nected therewith.

Secured upon the discharge cylinder 8 between the bearing 2 and the housing 4 is a large gear wheel 15 with which a driving gear or pinion 16 is in mesh. The driving gear is secured upon a driving shaft 17 one end of which is journaled in a bearing 18 supported on an extension of the bearing standard 2. The other end of the driving shaft 17 is journaled in a bearing housing 19 supported by means of a stand 20 upon the opposite end of the base 1. Engaged on the end of the shaft 17 to the outside of the bearing housing 19 is a driving pulley 21 adapted to be connected by means of a driving belt with any suitable source of driving ower.

Mounted on the driving shaft 17 adjacent the inner end of the bearing housing 19 is a flanged pulley 22 around which a belt 23 is trained. The belt 23 is also trained around a second pulley 24: forming a part of a material feed mechanism. The pulley 24: is mounted on the outer end of a shaft 25 which projectslongitudinally through a material conveyer trough 26 supported upon a framework 27 secured to the top of the base section 1. A discharge chute or mouth piece 28 is secured on an open end of the trough 26 and projects through the opening 6 into the receiving end of the bearing cylinder 5 of the pulverizing machine. Mounted on the shaft 25 near the discharge end of the trough is a Single turn conveyer screw or blade 29. Supported above the conveyer trough 26 is a material feed hopper 30 pro,- vided with a false slidable bottom 31 having a discharge opening 32 therein to permit material from the hopper to be admitted into the conveyer trough 26 at different distances from the feed screw 29, thereby afiording an arrangement whereby the amount of material admitted into the feed trough may thus be gradually advanced or piled up therein by which arrangement the feed of the material may be increased from a small amount until the full capacity of the feed screw 29 has been attained. This wide range of the feed of the material is obtained, as stated by shifting the false hopper bottom 31 so that the material entering from the hopper 30 into the feed trough 26 is piled up with the advance face of the pile of material assuming an inclination of approximately thirty degrees, with the more finely crushed material usually in repose at the advance end of the pile of material so that the nearer the hole in the hopper bot tom 31 is to the feed screw 29 the greater will be the amount of material which is brought into engagement with the revolving feed screw.

It will thus be seen that the amount of material to be pulverized or granulated may be fed into the entrance end of the bearing cylinder 5 in predetermined or regulated amounts and advanced into the field of op eration of the spiral feed screw or vane 7 which advances the material into a grinding r pulverizing chamber 33 provided within the housing 4.

Rigidly secured in a middle peripheral groove of the housing f is a liner ring 3% constructed of hardened steel or any other refractory material that is inherently hard or hardened by any process necessary to withstand the attrition of the materials to be pub verized. Bigidly. securedto the tapered or inclined inner side. walls of the hous ng 4 are dished 0r beveled bearing rin s 35 which are also constructed of hardene steel or any other suitable refractory material. The liner rings 35 are removably held in place by any suitable means so that when the same become worn new rings may be substituted in place thereof. Loosely mounted within the crushing or pulverizingchamber 33 is a floating ring or roller mechanism which has no connect-ion with the housing 4 or the liner wall except as a result of the effect of gravity. Theroller is made of hardened steel or, other suitable material and comprises a plurality of sections or segments 36 of substantially one hundred twenty degrees and are formed substanially. as illustrated in Figures 1 and 4, with each segment having a flat mid.- dle peripheral surface 37 and two inclined or beveled peripheral surfaces 38 positioned on opposite sides of the middle peripheral surface 37. Each segment alsohas two angled surfaces 39 each of which isinclined longitudinally of the segment along the line 40, as

illustrated in Figure 1 It will thus be noted that each of the weighted hardened roller mechanisms comprises three segments which when placed together with the inclined surfaces 39 engaged withthose of the adjacent segments a substantially circular roller is formed of substantially three hundred sixty degrees. The roller segments being loosely disposed within the housing 4 are adapted tobe rotated therewith so that the segments will coact with one another not only with a hammer action between the inclined'surfaces 39, but also with a longitudinal or transverse friction sliding movement as well as a radial sliding movement, thereby thoroughly crushing or pulverizing materials caught between said segments. The roller segments not only act one upon the other, but each of said segments coacts with the hardened liners 34 and 35 within the housing to crush and pul'verize materials caught between the outer surfaces ofthe rollers and the inner faces of the liners 34 and It will be noted that the outer periph eral surfaces of the various segments have a rolling or rubbing contact with the liner members as well as a slidable rubbing action therewith. A decided attrition or abrasive action both centrifugally and longitudinally between the segments of the crushing roller, and between the roller segments and the lining members of the housing thus take place providing a highly efficient pulverizingmachine acting on materials fed by the feeding mechanisms intosthe entrance bearing cylinder 5.

A draft is adapted to be induced by. air or steam through the. pulverizing machine due tothe connection, of the pipe 14 witha. suction pump or the like sothat the pulverized terial or dust being, carried upwardly' through the pipe 14 while the granular product 1s adaptedtobe discharged through the discharge or outlet pipe 13., Any material which is relatively heavy and is not conr pletely crushed or pulverized which finds its way into the discharge cylinder-8 lodges behindthe spiral blades or ribs 10 and dueto the. rotating action of the housing and its bearin I cy mclers.v will; be fed backwardly throug i the, cylinder 8 into the pulverizing or crushing chamber 33 of thehousing 4 to be further acted; upon and completely crushed or pulverized Figures 4to 8, inclusive,illustrate the op eration and the movements of the roller segments. 36 duringthe different stages of rotation of thehousing 4, with the segments illustrated in full lines and in dotted lines covering one complete cycle of operation of the segment parts takingplace during a complete revolution of the. housing4. During the rotation of the housing the roller segmentshave an attrition action between each other-as well as anvimpact action in addition tohaving an impact: and pressure action on the lining members of the housing 4. During the rotation of the housing each of the roller segments in turn goes through substantially thesame operation.

Figures 9iiand-10 illustrate modified forms of crushing and pulverizing segments 40 which are of: doublev convex or oval shape and are adapted to be loosely disposed within the rotatablehousing 4 sothat the crushing segments;v will coact with one another as wel as with the. lining members of. the rotatable housing,v thereby causing; material fed into the housing to be thoroughly crushed or pulverized before being discharged from the machine. I

Figures 11 and 12 illustrate still another form of rollersegments 41 each provided with two convex surfaces 42 and 43 and. a concave surface 44. The roller segments 41 are also adapted to coact. with one another as well as with the lining elements of the housing in which they are mounted so that material fed into the housing will be crushed or pulverized by'the attrition and abrasive actions taking place between the loosely. mounted-groller segments and the interior of the housing. 7

While segmental rollers are illustrated, each comprising three interfitting and coacting segments, it will, of courseybe understood that crushing rollers constructed of any desired number of coacting segments maybe furnished, if desired, and that the shapes of: the segments may also be varied without departing from the principl s of this invention,

housing constructed of an intermediate ring section 45 and side sections 46 rigidly bolted together or otherwise secured to one another.

Each of the side housing sections 46 is provided with a cylindrical bearing extension 47 rotatably supported in suitable bearing members 48. A sprocket wheel 49 is secured on one of the bearing cylinders 47 and is adapted to be driven by any suitable means to cause rotation of the housing. Secured within the rotatable housing are a plurality of adjacently positioned hardened steel liner rings 50 and beveled side liner rings 51.

Loosely mounted within the rotatable housing 45t6 are a pair of adjacently positioned roller mechanisms separated by means of a disk or separating plate 52 constructed of hardened steel or other suitable material. Each of the roller mechanisms comprises a plurality of coacting interfitting roller segments or sections 53 having straight meeting surfaces at 54:. The roller segments 53 of each of the roller members are adapted to coact with one another with an attrition and hammer action during the rotation of the housing and, furthermore, are adapted to coact with the hardened steel liner members of the housing to cause crushing and pulverizing of material which is fed lnto the rotatable housing. It will, of course, be understood that, if desired, any number of sectional rollers may be provided within a rotatable housing and the meeting faces of the segments comprising the rollers may either be straight or inclined longitudinally of the rollers, as desired, or a combination of rollers having straight and inclined meeting surfaces between the sections may be used either with or without separating plates between the segmental rollers.

I am aware that many changes may be made, and numerous details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of thls invention, and I therefore do not purpose limiting the patent granted hereon, otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. A pulverizer comprising a rotatable housing having a crushing chamber therein, adjustable means for feeding material into said housing, a plurality of coacting roller segments loosely mounted within the housing adapted to coact with one another and with the housing to crush and pulverize material fed into the housing, and means connectedwith said housing to withdraw the pulverized and granular material there from.

V 2. A pulverizer comprising a rotatable housing, means for supporting the same, feed means for delivering material into the housing, and a roller mechanism loosely mounted within said housing and comprising a plurality of coacting segments adapted to coact with one another with a sliding and an impact action and further adapted to coact with the casing with a sliding and impact action to thoroughly crush and pulverize material fed into the housing.

3. A pulverizer comprising a housing, means for rotating the same, and a roller member mounted therein comprising a-plurality of coacting segments with said segments adapted to have a longitudinal and a radial sliding movement with respect to one another in addition to impact actions one'on the other to cause crushing and pulverizing of amaterial between the roller segments and between. said segments and the housing.

4. The combination with a rotatablepulverizer housing, of a roller loosely mounted therein and comprising a plurality of roller segments constructed to have a sliding and an impact action one with the other and with the interior of the housing.

5. The combination with a rotatable pulverizer housing, of a roller mounted therein comprising a plurality of coacting segments constructed to tumble around within the housing when the same is rotated so that said se ments will have a sliding as 'well as an impact action one on the other and on the interior of the housing to cause crush.- ing and pulverizing of a material deposited in the housing.

.6. A pulverizer comprising a rotatable housing, hollow bearing cylinders for supporting the same, feed screws mounted in said bearing cylinders and positioned to feed material into the housing from opposite directions, and a segmental roller loosely mounted within the housing between the bearing cylinders.

7. A pulverizer comprising a sectional housing, means for feeding material into the housing from opposite directions, hardened steel liner members within said housing, means for rotating said housing, and a hardened steel roller mechanism loosely mounted within said housing and comprising a plurality of segments adapted to have a shifting as well as an impact action one on the other and on the lining members of the housing to cause crushing and pulverizing of a material fed into the housing.

8. A pulverizer comprising a rotatable housing, a plurality of segmental roller sections loosely mounted within the housing adapted to coactwith one another and with the housing to crush a material fed thereto, a feed mechanism for delivering material into the housing, and adjustable means for controlling the delivery of material into said housing.

9. The combination with a rotatable pulverizing housing, of a weighted roller loosely mounted therein and comprising a plu- Hit) rality of loose segments adapted to coact on one another and with the housing by the action of gravity and the rotation of the housing to crush a material by attrition.

10. The combination with a pulverizing machine, of a roller mechanism adapted for use therein comprising a plurality of roller In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name at Chicago, Cook County, Illinois.

CHARLES E. BRAINARD. 

